Integrated Science: Science Without Borders - Integrated Science 2021 edition

The ?INTEGRATED SCIENCE: Science without Borders? is the first volume of INTEGRATED SCIENCE Book series, aims to publish the results of the most update ideas and reviews in transdisciplinarity fields, to highlight integration of different disciplines, including formal sciences, physical-chemical sciences and engineering, biological sciences, medical sciences, and social sciences. This is especially focused on the research involving the integration of two of more academic fields offering an innovative view, which is one of the main focuses of Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN); science without borders. The whole world is suffering from complex problems; these are actually borderless problems; so, borderless solution could be the solution for such complex problems. Transdisciplinarity, as a domain that researchers work jointly, using shared conceptual framework drawing together disciplinary-specific theories, concepts and approaches to address common problem. Lack of confidence, lack of expertise, complexities of healthcare, the confusing nature of healthcare environments and lack of organization and standardization became obstacles to successful communication. Consequently, the book is to provide an overview of the basic elements of transdisciplinary studies and integrated science. The unique aspect of this book, privileging it from other books, is covering all aspects of science as a true one nature.